Membrane Bioreactors (MBRs) are increasing popularity as a cutting-edge wastewater treatment technology. Key to the success of MBRs are hollow fiber membranes, which deliver exceptional filtration capabilities and contribute to the overall performance of the system. These membranes, typically made f

Hollow fiber membrane bioreactors provide a versatile and efficient platform for diverse biotechnological applications. These sophisticated systems leverage the properties of hollow fiber membranes to facilitate efficient mass transfer, cellular growth, and product formation. This comprehensive revi